How to Clean a Shotgun

Keep a pump or semi-auto running with a straightforward cleaning routine.

1. 1
   Unload and check

   Cycle the action, confirm the chamber and magazine tube are empty, and set ammo aside.

2. 2
   Field strip

   Remove the barrel (and on semi-autos, the forend and bolt assembly) per your manual. Pumps are very simple here.

3. 3
   Clean the bore

   Run a bore brush and patches through the barrel until clean — shotguns are forgiving, so this goes fast.

4. 4
   Wipe the action and gas system

   On semi-autos, clean the gas ports/piston (the part that causes most malfunctions). Wipe the bolt and rails.

5. 5
   Light lube and reassemble

   A light film of oil on moving parts is plenty. Reassemble and function-check on an empty gun.